구글 "엔비디아 AI칩 대안 가능"…데이터센터용 AI칩 공개





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입력2024.04.09 21:26  수정2024.04.09 22:17


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로이터"새 텐서처리장치 TPU v5p,엔비디아AI칩 대안가능"
구글 클라우드 플랫폼서 액세스만 가능하고 구매 불가
"ARM기반 CPU '액시온', 범용 ARM칩보다 30% 고성능"

<img src='https://img.hankyung.com/photo/202404/ZA.36364994.1.jpg' alt='사진=REUTERS' style='vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; object-fit: contain;'>사진=REUTERS구글이 엔비디아가 만든 AI칩에 대해 실행 가능한 대안중 하나로 꼽히는 새로운 버전의 데이터센터용 인공지능 칩과 ARM을 기반으로 한 중앙처리장치를 공개했다.

로이터에 따르면, 구글은 9일(현지시간) 구글 클라우드 플랫폼을 통해 새로운 데이터센터용 인공지능칩인 새로운 텐서처리장치(TPUs)인 TPU v5p를 선보였다.

<iframe width="336" height="280" frameborder="0" style="border-width: 0px; border-style: none; vertical-align: top; max-width: 100%; display: block; margin: 12px auto;"></iframe>


로이터는 알파벳(GOOGL)의 자회사인 구글이 이 날 발표한 새로운 TPU가 엔비디아가 만든 고급 AI 칩에 대한 실행 가능한 대안중 하나라고 지적했다. 개발자는 구글 클라우드 플랫폼을 통해서만 액세스할 수 있고 직접 구매할 수는 없다.

구글은 또 구글 클라우드를 통해 액시온이라는 ARM 기반 중앙처리장치(CPU)를 제공할 계획이다. 회사는 이 CPU가 x86 칩과 클라우드의 범용 Arm 칩보다 성능이 뛰어나다고 밝혔다.

구글 클라우드의 부사장이자 컴퓨팅 및 기계 학습 인프라 총괄 관리자인 마크 로메이어는 “고객이 기존 워크로드를 Arm으로 쉽게 가져올 수 있도록 만들었다”며 “액시온은 개방형 기반으로 구축되었으며 어디서나 Arm을 사용하는 고객은 앱을 다시 설계하지 않고도 액시온을 채택할 수 있다."고 밝혔다.





















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아마존닷컴(AMZN) 및 마이크로소프트(MSFT)와 같은 경쟁 클라우드 사업자들은 컴퓨팅 서비스를 차별화하는 방법으로 Arm의 CPU를 구축했다. 구글은 유튜브, AI 및 스마트폰용 맞춤형 칩은 만들었지만 CPU는 그간 만들지 않았었다.

이전 세대의 TPU 칩에 대해 구글은 브로드컴(AVGO)과 파트너십을 맺었는데 이번 TPU v5p 에 브로드컴이 파트너로 참여했는지, 액시온에 설계 파트너가 있는지는 밝히지 않았다.

알파벳의 자회사인 구글은 새로운 TPU v5p 칩이 8,960개의 칩 포드에서 실행되도록 제작됐으며 이전 세대 TPU보다 두 배의 기본 성능을 달성할 수 있다고 밝혔다. 포드가 최적의 성능으로 실행되도록 하기 위해 구글은 액체 냉각방식을 사용한다.



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액시온칩은 범용 Arm 칩보다 30% 나은 성능을 제공하고 인텔(INTC)이나 어드밴스드마이크로디바이시스(AMD)의 현세대 x86칩보다 성능이 50% 더 높다고 밝혔다.

액시온은 구글 클라우드의 유튜브 광고와 같은 여러 구글 서비스에 사용되고 있으며 용도를 확대해 올해말 대중에 공개할 계획이다. TPU v5p는 9일에 구글 클라우드를 통해 일반에게 제공된다.
<img src='https://img.hankyung.com/photo/202404/01.36373457.1.png' alt='구글 "엔비디아 AI칩 대안 가능"…데이터센터용 AI칩 공개' loading='lazy' style='vertical-align: middle; max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; object-fit: contain;'>김정아 객원기자 kja@hankyung.com
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